Sensitive information that should not be in CV ...and the employers should not ask

According to the Labor Code:

In the employment relationships, all discrimination is prohibited, whether direct or indirect, that is based on sex, sexual distinction, racial or ethnic origin, nationality, citizenship, social origin, language, health condition, age, religion, marital status or obligations towards one's family, political and other opinions, membership of and active participation in political movements, trade unions or employers' organizations. Discrimination based on pregnancy or motherhood is considered to be sexual discrimination.

You do not have to provide any of this personal information, so please do not include this kind of data in your CV. These issues are not job-related, and can be motive for discrimination.

Once you are in the interview, employers should not ask about this sensitive information, because if they do not hire a candidate because of this, it is considered discriminatory by the law:

Discrimination also includes conduct such as inciting, soliciting or inducing pressure that could lead towards discrimination.

However, if you are asked about these data, these are your options:

• Answer the intent of the question: do not tell your citizenship, but that you are authorized to work in that country.
• Change the topic and avoid the question.
• Refuse to answer the question if you feel uncomfortable about it: it might cost you the job, but anyway think if you would like to work somewhere they are not playing fair game from the beginning. You can fill a claim for discrimination, if you consider the discrimination act has been deliberated.